政务动态
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???? 2?
????? ???? | |
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| ? ??? ??? ?? ??? | |
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| ??? ??? | |
| ?? | 1808? ~ 1839? |
| ?? | ???? 4? |
| ?? | ????? 1? |
| ???? | |
| ?? | ????? 1? |
| ?? | ???? ?? |
???? 2?(??? ????: ????? ???? Mahmud-? sānī, ?????: II. Mahmut, 1785? 7? 20? ~ 1839? 7? 1?)? 1808??? 1839? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? 30? ?????. ?? ??????[1]? ??? ??(Topkapi Palace)?? ????. ?? ????? 1?? ?? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ?????, ? ??? ? ??? ???? ??(????)? ????? 1?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????.
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[??]?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????.[2]
1807?, ???? 2?? ?? ???? ????? ???? 4?? ?? ????? ?? 3?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??. ??? ?? ?? 3?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? 1808? ???? 4?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 2?? ??? ????? ??? ???.
?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??. 19??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? 3?? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ?????? ??.
?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ? ????? ?? 3?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???. ?? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????.
??? ??? (??? ?)? ???? ? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? (???) ??? ?????? ???[3]
?? ??
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??? ?? ???? 4??? ?? ?? ???? 1807?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? 1808?? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? 2?? ????? ????? ???? ??. ???? 2?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????.
???? 2?? ???? ??, ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???(1812)? ??(1813)?? ??? ?????.
?? ??? ???? 1821?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? 1827? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????, ? ??? ?????? 1832? 7? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ? ??? 1830?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ??? ????. ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? 1826? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??. ????2?? 1831? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??. ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???.
??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???.
?? 1839??? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ??? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???. ?????? ???? ??? ?, ???, ???, ???? ???? ??????? ????.
?? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? , ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????[4]
???? 2?? 1839? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? 1?? ?? ??? ????.
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[??]?? ??
[??]?? ?? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????
? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???.
?? ?? ??
[??]?? ????? ??? ??[5](1807-1852)?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????. ??? ?? ????? 1?? ???.
?? ?????? ??[7](1812–1883)? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ???.
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[??]- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Murad)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzade Bayazid)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Murad)
- ????? ??? (HIH Abdulhamid, Crown Prince Imperial)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Osman)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Ahmed)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Mehmed)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzade Suleiman)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Ahmed)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Ahmed)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Abdullah)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzade Mahmud)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Mehmed)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Ahmed)
- ????? 1? (HIM Abdul Mecid I Padshah Ghazi)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzade Ahmed)
- ????? ?? (HIH Shahzade Abdulhamid)
- ????? (HIM Abdulaziz I Padshah Ghazi)
- ?? ?? (HIH Shahzade Nizzam)
- ?? ?? (HIH Shahzade Kemal
?
[??]- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Fatma Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Ayser Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Fatma Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Saliha Sultana) + HE Damat Mehmed Haili Rifat Pasha
- ? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Sah Sultana)
- ????? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Mihrimah Sultana) + HE Damat Mehmed Said Pasha
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Emine Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Emine Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Emine Sultana)
- ? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Sah Sultana)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Zaineb Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Emine Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Hamide Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Hamide Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Atiye Sultana) + HE Damat Radosizade Ahmed Fethi
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Munire Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Hadice Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Adile Sultana) + HE GrandVizir Mehmed Ali Pasha
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Fatma Sultana)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Hairiye Sultana)
- ???? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Hairiye Sultana)
- ??? ?? (HIH Shahzadi Refia Sultana)
??
[??]- ↑ Finkel, Caroline, Osman's Dream, (Basic Books, 2005), 57; "Istanbul was only adopted as the city's official name in 1930..".
- ↑ Christine Isom-Verhaaren, "Royal French Women in the Ottoman Sultans' Harem: The Political Uses of Fabricated Accounts from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-first Century", Journal of World History, vol. 17, No. 2, 2006
- ↑ Davis, Claire (1970). The Palace of Topkapi in Istanbul. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 214–217. ASIN B000NP64Z2.
- ↑ Paul E Klopsteg. Turkish Archery and the Composite Bow. Chapter I, Background of Turkish Archery. Second edition, revised, 1947, published by the author, 2424 Lincolnwood Drive, Evanston, Ill.
- ↑ Madeline Zilfi, Women and Slavery in the Late Ottoman Empire: The Design of Difference, (Cambridge University Press, 2010), 227.
- ↑ Madeline Zilfi, Women and Slavery in the Late Ottoman Empire: The Design of Difference, 227.
- ↑ The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem, transl. Douglas Scott Brookes, (University of Texas Press, 2008), 288.
- ↑ ^ The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem, transl. Douglas Scott Brookes, 288.
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| ??? (1299?–1359?) | .svg) | |
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| ??? (1359?–1623?) | ||
| ??? (1623?–1695?) | ||
| ??? (1695?–1923?) | ||
